Capability Approach

Definition

The capability approach is a theoretical framework that evaluates individual well-being and social arrangements by focusing on what individuals are able to do and to be, in terms of their capabilities. It emphasizes the importance of providing individuals with the opportunities and freedoms necessary to achieve a life they value, rather than merely measuring economic wealth or resources.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The capability approach is used as a tool for evaluating policies and interventions in AI, emphasizing how technology can enhance individual capabilities.
2. It critiques traditional economic metrics like GDP, arguing they fail to capture the real well-being of individuals.
3. This approach highlights the importance of personal agency and choice in assessing an individual's quality of life.
4. In AI applications, ethical considerations based on the capability approach focus on ensuring equitable access and preventing discrimination.
5. The framework encourages policymakers to design AI systems that enhance human flourishing rather than solely pursuing efficiency or profit.

Review Questions

• How does the capability approach differ from traditional measures of economic success when applied to AI ethics?
  • The capability approach shifts the focus from traditional economic measures like GDP to evaluating how AI technologies can expand individual capabilities. While traditional measures may prioritize efficiency and economic growth, the capability approach emphasizes enhancing people's opportunities and freedoms. This perspective is crucial in AI ethics because it calls for designing technologies that empower users and address inequalities rather than just generating profits.
• Discuss how the capability approach can guide ethical decision-making in the development of AI systems.
  • The capability approach provides a valuable framework for ethical decision-making in AI by emphasizing individual agency and well-being. By focusing on what users can actually achieve with technology, developers can prioritize features that enhance capabilities rather than merely maximizing efficiency. This approach encourages practitioners to consider diverse user needs and ensure that AI systems are inclusive and equitable, ultimately aiming for a technology landscape where all individuals can thrive.
• Evaluate the potential implications of implementing the capability approach in AI policy-making on societal equity.
  • Implementing the capability approach in AI policy-making could significantly promote societal equity by prioritizing accessibility and inclusiveness in technology design. By framing policies around expanding individual capabilities, governments can ensure that marginalized communities are not left behind as AI technologies develop. This focus on equitable opportunities might lead to targeted interventions that address systemic inequalities, fostering a more just society where everyone has the tools needed to succeed in an increasingly digital world.

Related terms

Functionings: Functionings refer to the various things a person may value doing or being, such as being healthy, being educated, or participating in social activities.

Sen's Capability Approach: Developed by economist Amartya Sen, this approach emphasizes the need to expand the capabilities of individuals as a means of promoting social justice and improving quality of life.

Social Justice: Social justice pertains to the fair distribution of resources and opportunities, ensuring that all individuals have the ability to achieve their potential and participate fully in society.