Victorian Era

Definition

The Victorian Era refers to the period of Queen Victoria's reign from 1837 to 1901, characterized by significant social, political, and cultural changes in Britain. This era saw the expansion of the British Empire, industrialization, and a strict social hierarchy, influencing literature, gender roles, and expressions of sexuality during this time.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Victorian Era was marked by a strict moral code that dictated proper behavior, especially concerning gender roles and sexuality.
2. Literature from this era often addressed social issues such as class disparity, industrialization, and the role of women in society.
3. The expansion of the British Empire during this time brought about an increased interest in colonial subjects and cultures in literature.
4. Victorian society was characterized by a clear division between public and private life, particularly regarding the expectations placed on men and women.
5. Technological advancements, like the telegraph and railways, transformed communication and travel, greatly influencing social interactions and literary themes.

Review Questions

• How did the moral values of the Victorian Era shape literature during this time?
  • The moral values of the Victorian Era deeply influenced literature by emphasizing themes of morality, duty, and respectability. Authors often grappled with issues like social class and gender roles while adhering to societal expectations. This led to a literary focus on propriety, often reflecting the struggles individuals faced when trying to navigate their desires within the confines of strict moral codes.
• Discuss the impact of industrialization on gender roles during the Victorian Era.
  • Industrialization significantly altered traditional gender roles by creating new job opportunities for men and challenging women's domestic roles. While men were expected to work in factories and provide for their families, women increasingly sought work in factories or as teachers. This shift prompted debates about women's rights and roles in society, laying the groundwork for future movements advocating for gender equality.
• Evaluate how the concept of imperialism during the Victorian Era influenced societal views on race and class.
  • Imperialism during the Victorian Era fostered a sense of superiority among the British elite, leading to widespread acceptance of racial hierarchies that justified colonial rule. Literature often portrayed colonial subjects as 'other,' reinforcing stereotypes that depicted them as inferior. This contributed to a rigid class structure within Britain itself, where social status was heavily tied to race and national identity. The legacy of these views has had lasting effects on societal perceptions of race and class in contemporary discussions.

Related terms

Industrial Revolution: A period of major industrialization from the late 18th to early 19th centuries, leading to the growth of factories, urbanization, and significant economic changes.

Social Darwinism: A socio-political theory that applied the concept of 'survival of the fittest' to human societies, justifying social inequality and imperialism during the Victorian Era.

Women's Suffrage Movement: A movement aimed at securing voting rights for women, gaining momentum in the late Victorian Era as women began to challenge their traditional roles.