Conventional implicature

Definition

Conventional implicature refers to the aspect of meaning that is conveyed by certain expressions or phrases in a way that is fixed and predictable, independent of the context in which they are used. It arises from the conventional meanings attached to specific words or phrases, contributing to the overall meaning of a statement without altering its truth conditions. This type of implicature plays a significant role in how we interpret meaning in communication, especially in relation to speech acts and conversational dynamics.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Conventional implicature relies on specific expressions, such as 'but', 'however', and 'even', which signal additional information that enriches the meaning of an utterance.
2. Unlike conversational implicatures, conventional implicatures do not depend on context; their meanings remain stable regardless of the situation in which they occur.
3. An example of conventional implicature is found in sentences like 'She’s smart but lazy,' where 'but' conveys a contrast that adds a layer of meaning about her character.
4. Understanding conventional implicature is essential for grasping the nuances of language, as it can affect how messages are interpreted and how politeness or directness is conveyed.
5. The study of conventional implicature highlights the interplay between language structure and social interaction, revealing how certain linguistic choices can imply specific attitudes or judgments.

Review Questions

• How does conventional implicature differ from conversational implicature in terms of dependency on context?
  • Conventional implicature differs significantly from conversational implicature because it relies on fixed meanings associated with specific expressions rather than being dependent on context. While conversational implicature can change based on the surrounding dialogue and shared knowledge between speakers, conventional implicature remains stable regardless of the situation. This distinction is important for understanding how different forms of implicature function in communication.
• What role do specific conjunctions play in conveying conventional implicature within speech acts?
  • Specific conjunctions like 'but' and 'however' play a crucial role in conveying conventional implicature by signaling contrast and additional meanings within speech acts. For instance, when someone says 'He is friendly but irresponsible,' the word 'but' not only connects two ideas but also implies a juxtaposition between friendliness and irresponsibility. This adds depth to the speaker's intention, revealing nuanced attitudes toward both traits involved.
• Evaluate the significance of understanding conventional implicature in analyzing language use within social contexts.
  • Understanding conventional implicature is vital for analyzing language use within social contexts because it uncovers how speakers convey implied meanings and social attitudes through their word choices. By recognizing the fixed implications tied to specific expressions, we can better interpret the subtleties of communication, including politeness strategies and emotional undertones. This awareness allows us to navigate social interactions more effectively, as it reveals how language shapes our perceptions of others and influences interpersonal dynamics.

Related terms

implicature: Implicature is a broader term that encompasses any implied meaning that is not directly stated but understood through context and shared knowledge.

presupposition: Presupposition refers to background assumptions or beliefs that must be accepted as true for a statement to make sense, often influencing how information is received.

speech act: A speech act is an utterance that performs a function, such as making a statement, asking a question, or giving an order, and can involve various types of meaning beyond the literal interpretation.