Harriet Tubman

Definition

Harriet Tubman was a former enslaved woman who became a leading figure in the fight against slavery in the United States, most notably known for her role as a conductor on the Underground Railroad. Her courageous actions not only aided countless enslaved people to escape to freedom, but they also symbolize the broader struggle against oppression and the quest for equality.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Harriet Tubman escaped from slavery in Maryland in 1849 and made multiple trips back to rescue other enslaved individuals, totaling around 70 people.
2. She served as a spy and nurse for the Union Army during the Civil War, using her knowledge of the landscape to help plan raids against Confederate positions.
3. Tubman was born into slavery as Araminta Ross and adopted her mother’s name, Harriet, after escaping, as a tribute to her mother’s strength.
4. After the Civil War, she continued to fight for civil rights and women's suffrage, aligning herself with other prominent activists of her time.
5. Tubman became a symbol of courage and resilience, earning nicknames such as 'Moses' for her leadership in guiding others to freedom.

Review Questions

• Discuss how Harriet Tubman's background influenced her actions in leading others to freedom.
  • Harriet Tubman's own experience as an enslaved person greatly shaped her resolve to assist others in escaping bondage. Growing up under harsh conditions, she witnessed firsthand the brutality of slavery and faced significant personal struggles. This understanding motivated her to risk her life repeatedly to guide others through dangerous journeys on the Underground Railroad, reflecting her deep commitment to freedom and justice.
• Analyze the impact of Harriet Tubman's contributions during the Civil War on the abolitionist movement.
  • During the Civil War, Harriet Tubman's role as a spy and nurse had a profound impact on both the war effort and the abolitionist movement. By providing intelligence to Union forces and participating in military operations, she showcased that formerly enslaved people could play crucial roles in achieving their own liberation. Her efforts helped shift perceptions about Black individuals' capabilities and further galvanized support for abolitionism among both soldiers and civilians.
• Evaluate Harriet Tubman's legacy in relation to modern movements for social justice and equality.
  • Harriet Tubman's legacy continues to resonate in contemporary movements advocating for social justice and equality. Her life exemplifies resilience in the face of adversity and dedication to fighting against systemic oppression. Modern activists often draw inspiration from her unwavering commitment to freedom for all, reflecting her influence on ongoing struggles against racism, gender inequality, and social injustice. By honoring her contributions, movements today seek to uphold the ideals of liberty that Tubman fought so fervently for.

Related terms

Underground Railroad: A network of secret routes and safe houses used by enslaved people to escape to free states and Canada with the help of abolitionists and allies.

Abolitionism: A movement aimed at ending slavery and the slave trade, which gained significant momentum in the 19th century, advocating for the rights and freedom of enslaved individuals.

Civil War: A conflict in the United States from 1861 to 1865 that centered around issues such as slavery and states' rights, ultimately leading to the preservation of the Union and the emancipation of enslaved people.