Lipoprotein lipase

Definition

Lipoprotein lipase is an enzyme that hydrolyzes triglycerides in lipoproteins into free fatty acids and glycerol. It plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism by facilitating the uptake of fatty acids by tissues.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Lipoprotein lipase is primarily found on the endothelial surface of capillaries in adipose tissue, muscle, and the heart.
2. The enzyme is activated by apolipoprotein C-II, which is found in chylomicrons and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL).
3. Deficiency or malfunction of lipoprotein lipase can lead to hypertriglyceridemia and associated disorders such as pancreatitis.
4. Pharmacological agents like fibrates increase the activity of lipoprotein lipase to lower triglyceride levels.
5. Insulin upregulates the expression of lipoprotein lipase, highlighting its importance in metabolic control.

Review Questions

• What role does apolipoprotein C-II play in the function of lipoprotein lipase?
• How does insulin affect the activity of lipoprotein lipase?
• Why might a deficiency in lipoprotein lipase lead to hypertriglyceridemia?

Related terms

Triglycerides: A type of fat (lipid) found in your blood that is broken down by enzymes like lipoprotein lipase.

Apolipoproteins: Proteins that bind to fats to form lipoproteins, essential for lipid transport and metabolism.

Hypertriglyceridemia: A condition characterized by high levels of triglycerides in the blood, often due to enzyme deficiencies such as those involving lipoprotein lipase.