Diazoxide

Definition

Diazoxide is a potassium channel activator used to treat hypoglycemia by inhibiting insulin release from the pancreas. It is administered orally and has a long duration of action.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Diazoxide is primarily used to manage hypoglycemia in patients with hyperinsulinism.
2. The drug works by opening potassium channels, leading to hyperpolarization of pancreatic beta cells and reduced insulin secretion.
3. It can cause side effects such as fluid retention, heart failure, and hyperglycemia.
4. Diazoxide should be used with caution in patients with congestive heart failure or renal impairment.
5. Therapeutic monitoring includes blood glucose levels and observing for signs of fluid overload.

Review Questions

• What is the primary mechanism of action of Diazoxide?
• Which condition is Diazoxide most commonly prescribed for?
• Name two possible side effects of Diazoxide that require monitoring.

Related terms

Glipizide:

An oral antidiabetic drug that stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells.

Metformin:

A first-line oral antidiabetic medication that decreases hepatic glucose production and increases insulin sensitivity.

Sulfonylureas:

A class of oral antidiabetic drugs that increase insulin release from the pancreas by closing potassium channels in beta cells.