Sulfonylureas

Definition

Sulfonylureas are a class of oral antidiabetic drugs that increase insulin secretion from the pancreatic beta cells. They are commonly used to manage blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Sulfonylureas work by binding to specific receptors on pancreatic beta cells, leading to increased insulin release.
2. Common sulfonylureas include glipizide, glyburide, and glimepiride.
3. They can cause hypoglycemia as a side effect due to excessive insulin secretion.
4. Sulfonylureas are usually taken once or twice daily before meals.
5. Patients with kidney or liver impairment may need dose adjustments when taking sulfonylureas.

Review Questions

• What is the primary mechanism of action for sulfonylureas?
• Name three common sulfonylurea medications.
• What is a common side effect associated with sulfonylureas?

Related terms

Insulin Secretion:

The process by which the pancreas releases insulin into the bloodstream.

Hypoglycemia:

A condition characterized by abnormally low blood sugar levels.

Pancreatic Beta Cells:

Cells in the pancreas responsible for producing and secreting insulin.