Head

Definition

In jazz music, particularly in the context of bebop and modern jazz, the term 'head' refers to the main theme or melody of a piece. This melodic statement is typically played at the beginning and end of a performance, framing the improvisation sections that occur in between. The head serves as a recognizable anchor for both musicians and listeners amidst the complex improvisations that characterize these genres.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The head is usually played at the beginning of a tune, establishing the theme before musicians take turns improvising.
2. In many bebop compositions, the head often features complex melodies that require skill to perform accurately.
3. The head is often repeated at the end of a performance, providing closure and a familiar point for listeners after a series of improvisations.
4. Jazz musicians often memorize heads, allowing them to smoothly transition into improvisation without needing sheet music.
5. Heads can vary in length and complexity, with some being just a few measures long while others can be significantly longer with intricate melodic lines.

Review Questions

• How does the head function within a jazz composition, especially in relation to improvisation?
  • The head serves as the main theme of a jazz composition, setting up the musical context for improvisation. It is typically played at both the beginning and end of a piece, allowing musicians to navigate through their improvised sections with a clear reference point. This structure helps maintain coherence in performances, as musicians return to the head after exploring different improvisational ideas.
• Discuss how the complexity of heads in bebop influences the overall performance style in modern jazz.
  • In bebop, heads are often intricate and challenging, pushing musicians to demonstrate technical skill and creativity. This complexity influences modern jazz by setting high standards for improvisation, as musicians are expected to master these sophisticated melodies. The elaborate nature of heads allows for more adventurous explorations during solos, encouraging players to innovate while still anchoring their performance around recognizable themes.
• Evaluate the significance of heads in shaping listener experience during bebop and modern jazz performances.
  • Heads play a crucial role in shaping listener experience by providing familiar motifs amidst the spontaneous nature of jazz. They establish a thematic foundation that listeners can latch onto while musicians improvise around it. The return to the head at the conclusion of a performance creates a satisfying sense of closure, making complex jazz compositions more accessible and enjoyable for audiences. Additionally, the contrast between the structured head and free-form improvisation highlights the creative prowess of the musicians.

Related terms

Chord Changes: The progression of chords that provides the harmonic framework for a jazz piece, around which musicians improvise.

Improvisation: The spontaneous creation of music during performance, where musicians explore and express ideas based on the head and chord changes.

Bridge: A contrasting section within a jazz composition that typically differs from both the head and the main themes, often providing harmonic variety.