Scarlet fever

Definition

Scarlet fever is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes, characterized by a red rash and high fever. It primarily affects children and can have serious complications if untreated.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Scarlet fever is caused by toxins produced by Streptococcus pyogenes, also known as Group A Streptococcus.
2. The characteristic symptom of scarlet fever is a red rash that feels like sandpaper, often accompanied by a 'strawberry' tongue.
3. It can be diagnosed through a rapid strep test or throat culture to detect the presence of Group A Streptococcus.
4. Antibiotics, particularly penicillin or amoxicillin, are effective treatments for scarlet fever.
5. Complications of untreated scarlet fever can include rheumatic fever, kidney disease, and ear infections.

Review Questions

• What bacterium is responsible for causing scarlet fever?
• Describe two characteristic symptoms of scarlet fever.
• What are potential complications if scarlet fever is left untreated?

Related terms

Streptococcus pyogenes: A type of bacteria that causes various infections including strep throat and scarlet fever.

Rheumatic Fever: A serious inflammatory disease that can develop after an infection with streptococcus bacteria.

Strawberry Tongue: A symptom where the tongue has a red appearance with enlarged taste buds, commonly associated with scarlet fever.