Mononucleosis

Definition

Mononucleosis, often called 'mono' or the 'kissing disease,' is an infectious illness caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). It primarily spreads through saliva and can cause fever, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, and fatigue.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Mononucleosis is primarily caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a member of the herpesvirus family.
2. Transmission occurs mainly through saliva but can also spread through blood and other bodily fluids.
3. Common symptoms include fever, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, and extreme fatigue; these may last for weeks to months.
4. Diagnosis is typically confirmed via a blood test checking for EBV-specific antibodies or an atypical white blood cell count.
5. There is no specific antiviral treatment for mono; management focuses on relieving symptoms such as pain and fever.

Review Questions

• What virus is primarily responsible for causing mononucleosis?
• How is mononucleosis most commonly transmitted among individuals?
• What are the primary methods used to diagnose mononucleosis?

Related terms

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV): A herpesvirus that is the primary cause of mononucleosis.

Herpesviridae: A large family of DNA viruses that includes Epstein-Barr virus.

Lymphadenopathy: Swelling or enlargement of lymph nodes commonly seen in infectious diseases like mononucleosis.