Lamivudine

Definition

Lamivudine is an antiviral medication used to treat infections caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It works by inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme, essential for viral replication.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Lamivudine is commonly used in combination with other antiviral drugs to enhance its effectiveness.
2. It is particularly important in managing chronic hepatitis B infections to reduce liver damage.
3. Lamivudine has a resistance profile where prolonged use can lead to the development of drug-resistant strains of HBV.
4. The drug is administered orally and has good bioavailability, making it easy for patients to adhere to treatment regimens.
5. Common side effects include headache, fatigue, and gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and diarrhea.

Review Questions

• How does lamivudine inhibit viral replication?
• What are some common side effects of lamivudine?
• Why is lamivudine often used in combination with other antiviral medications?

Related terms

Hepatitis B Virus (HBV): A liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus, which can become chronic and lead to liver cirrhosis or cancer.

Reverse Transcriptase: An enzyme used by certain viruses, including HBV and HIV, to replicate their genetic material.

Antiretroviral Therapy (ART): Treatment consisting of a combination of antiretroviral drugs to manage HIV infection.