Fluoride

Definition

Fluoride is a naturally occurring mineral that helps prevent dental cavities by inhibiting the demineralization of enamel and promoting its remineralization. It also possesses antimicrobial properties, making it effective in controlling oral bacteria.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Fluoride strengthens tooth enamel, making it more resistant to acid attacks from bacteria in the mouth.
2. It disrupts the metabolic processes of bacteria like Streptococcus mutans, reducing their ability to produce acid and form dental plaque.
3. Fluoride can be found in various forms including topical applications like toothpaste and mouth rinses, as well as systemic forms like fluoridated water.
4. The optimal concentration of fluoride in drinking water to prevent tooth decay is approximately 0.7 parts per million (ppm).
5. Excessive fluoride exposure can lead to dental fluorosis, characterized by discoloration or pitting of the tooth enamel.

Review Questions

• How does fluoride help prevent dental cavities?
• What are some common sources of fluoride for maintaining oral health?
• What is the impact of excessive fluoride exposure on teeth?

Related terms

Streptococcus mutans: A type of bacteria primarily responsible for dental cavities.

Dental plaque: A sticky film composed of bacteria and their products that forms on teeth.

Demineralization: The process by which minerals such as calcium are removed from tooth enamel, leading to decay.