Corinthian Order

Definition

The Corinthian Order is one of the classical orders of ancient Greek architecture, characterized by its ornate capitals that feature acanthus leaves and scrolls. This architectural style emerged in the 5th century BCE and is known for its elegance and elaborate details, making it a popular choice in both Greek and later Roman architecture. The Corinthian Order exemplifies the advancements in architectural design during its time, showcasing the cultural and artistic achievements of its era.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The Corinthian Order was developed later than the Doric and Ionic Orders and became increasingly popular in Hellenistic architecture.
2. Many famous structures, including the Pantheon in Rome and the Temple of Apollo Epicurius in Bassae, utilized the Corinthian style, showcasing its versatility.
3. The design of Corinthian columns often symbolizes luxury and sophistication, reflecting the wealth of patrons who commissioned such buildings.
4. Unlike earlier orders, which emphasized strength and simplicity, the Corinthian Order focused on decoration and intricate details.
5. Roman architects adopted and adapted the Corinthian style, leading to its widespread use throughout the Roman Empire as a representation of grandeur.

Review Questions

• How does the Corinthian Order differ from the Doric and Ionic Orders in terms of design and use?
  • The Corinthian Order differs significantly from both the Doric and Ionic Orders mainly in its elaborate design. While Doric columns are sturdy with no base and a plain capital, and Ionic columns are slender with volutes on their capitals, Corinthian columns are known for their intricate capitals adorned with acanthus leaves. This level of decoration in the Corinthian style represents a shift towards ornate aesthetics in architecture, making it popular for structures that conveyed wealth and sophistication.
• Discuss the impact of the Corinthian Order on Roman architecture and how it reflects cultural values during that period.
  • The impact of the Corinthian Order on Roman architecture was profound as it was embraced widely for its ornate beauty. Romans incorporated this style into many monumental buildings to reflect power, prestige, and cultural sophistication. The prevalence of Corinthian columns in structures such as temples and civic buildings illustrated how Roman architects sought to convey grandeur through elaborate designs, emphasizing their connection to Greek traditions while also showcasing their own artistic innovations.
• Evaluate how the use of the Corinthian Order illustrates the transition from Greek to Hellenistic architecture and what this signifies about societal changes during that time.
  • The use of the Corinthian Order illustrates a significant transition from Greek to Hellenistic architecture marked by increased complexity and ornamentation. This shift signifies a societal change towards greater emphasis on luxury, artistic expression, and individual patronage in architecture. As urban centers expanded and became more affluent during the Hellenistic period, there was a demand for more elaborate public spaces that reflected social status and cultural identity, leading architects to adopt styles like the Corinthian Order that embodied these ideals.

Related terms

Doric Order: The Doric Order is the simplest of the classical orders, marked by sturdy columns with no base and a plain capital, often used in temples and public buildings.

Ionic Order: The Ionic Order features slender columns with a base and volute scrolls on the capital, known for its more decorative and graceful appearance compared to the Doric.

Entablature: The entablature is the horizontal structure supported by columns, consisting of three main sections: architrave, frieze, and cornice, critical in classical architecture.