Mary Jackson

Definition

Mary Jackson was a pioneering African American mathematician and aerospace engineer who worked at NASA during the Space Race. She became the first black woman engineer at NASA and played a crucial role in breaking racial and gender barriers in STEM fields, significantly contributing to the advancement of aeronautics and space exploration.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Mary Jackson began her career at NASA in 1951, initially working as a computer, performing complex calculations by hand.
2. In 1958, she became NASA's first black woman engineer after completing additional training to earn her engineering degree.
3. Jackson actively advocated for more inclusive hiring practices at NASA, striving to open doors for women and minorities in STEM careers.
4. She worked on various projects, including supersonic flight research and the development of wind tunnel tests that were critical to aerospace advancements.
5. In her later years, she transitioned into a role as an administrator and educator, helping to mentor young people interested in STEM fields.

Review Questions

• How did Mary Jackson's role at NASA contribute to breaking down barriers for women and minorities in STEM fields?
  • Mary Jackson's work as NASA's first black woman engineer was groundbreaking. She not only excelled in her technical role but also actively advocated for inclusive hiring practices and educational opportunities for women and minorities. By succeeding in a predominantly white male field, she served as a role model and paved the way for future generations of underrepresented groups to enter STEM careers.
• Discuss how Mary Jackson's contributions to aeronautics were highlighted in popular culture, particularly through 'Hidden Figures'.
  • 'Hidden Figures' brought national attention to Mary Jackson and her colleagues' vital contributions to NASA during the Space Race. The book and subsequent film depicted their struggles against racial and gender discrimination while showcasing their mathematical skills that were essential to the success of early space missions. This cultural representation helped raise awareness about the significant yet often overlooked roles of African American women in science and engineering.
• Evaluate the lasting impact of Mary Jackson's legacy on contemporary discussions about diversity in STEM fields.
  • Mary Jackson's legacy continues to resonate in today's conversations about diversity and inclusion in STEM. Her groundbreaking work serves as an inspiration for ongoing efforts to increase representation of women and minorities in these fields. The focus on her story highlights the importance of mentorship, advocacy, and policy changes necessary to create equitable opportunities in STEM education and careers, reflecting her commitment to breaking down barriers that persist even today.

Related terms

NASA: The National Aeronautics and Space Administration, responsible for the nation's civilian space program and for aeronautics and aerospace research.

Hidden Figures: A book and film that tell the story of three African American women mathematicians, including Mary Jackson, who played vital roles at NASA during the early years of the U.S. space program.

STEM: An acronym for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, fields where women and minorities have historically been underrepresented.