Fontange headdress

Definition

The fontange headdress is an elaborate and ornate hairstyle that emerged in France during the late 17th century, characterized by its towering structure made of lace, ribbons, and various decorative elements. This iconic accessory reflects the Rococo aesthetic, emphasizing lightness, frivolity, and a playful elegance that defined the period's fashion. Often worn by women of the French aristocracy, the fontange served as both a statement of wealth and an expression of femininity, epitomizing the lavish styles associated with the Rococo era.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The fontange headdress was named after Madame de Fontanges, a mistress of King Louis XIV, who popularized this extravagant style.
2. Typically made from layers of lace and fabric, the fontange could reach impressive heights, sometimes requiring additional supports to maintain its shape.
3. Worn primarily by noblewomen, the fontange served not only as a fashion statement but also as a way to showcase social status and wealth.
4. The style often included decorative elements like ribbons, flowers, and even artificial birds, which added to its luxurious appearance.
5. As fashion evolved into the 18th century, the fontange gradually fell out of favor, giving way to simpler hairstyles as part of shifting trends towards naturalism.

Review Questions

• How did the fontange headdress reflect the cultural values of the Rococo period?
  • The fontange headdress is a prime example of Rococo fashion's emphasis on lightness and frivolity. Its elaborate construction, often featuring layers of lace and decorative elements, embodies the playful elegance characteristic of this era. By wearing such an extravagant accessory, women showcased their social status while embracing the Rococo ideals of beauty and whimsy that permeated art and culture during this time.
• Compare the fontange headdress to earlier headpieces used in fashion. What innovations did it introduce?
  • Compared to earlier headpieces like simple bonnets or caps, the fontange headdress introduced a new level of complexity and extravagance in women's fashion. The use of layers of lace and ribbon allowed for height and dramatic flair that was previously unseen. This innovation marked a departure from more conservative styles, aligning with the Rococo movement's fascination with ornamentation and theatricality in dress.
• Evaluate the impact of the fontange headdress on contemporary fashion trends in Europe after its decline. How did it influence future styles?
  • The decline of the fontange headdress paved the way for more streamlined and simpler hairstyles in the late 18th century, reflecting a shift towards naturalism in fashion. However, its influence can be seen in later styles that embraced volume and embellishment, such as the Romantic period's elaborate hairstyles. The essence of playful ornamentation found in the fontange can also be traced through various fashion revivals in later centuries, demonstrating its lasting impact on how headpieces are approached in contemporary fashion.

Related terms

Rococo: An artistic and cultural movement originating in France in the early 18th century that emphasized ornate decoration, asymmetry, and a light-hearted approach to art and design.

Chignon: A type of hairstyle where the hair is gathered into a bun at the nape of the neck, often used as a base for other hairstyles or accessories.

Cravat: An early form of neckwear that originated from the neckerchiefs worn by Croatian mercenaries; it became popular in France during the 17th century and was often associated with aristocratic fashion.