Jikji

Definition

Jikji is the name of the oldest known book printed with movable metal type, created in Korea during the 14th century. It represents a significant advancement in printing technology and is an important milestone in the history of book arts, showcasing the unique blend of Korean culture and technological innovation. This work highlights the influence of Buddhism in Korean literature and underscores the craftsmanship involved in both printing and paper-making practices.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Jikji was printed in 1377, making it the earliest existing book produced using movable metal type.
2. The full title of Jikji is 'Jikji Simche Yojeol,' which translates to 'Anthology of Great Buddhist Priests' Zen Teachings.'
3. Jikji was recognized by UNESCO as a Memory of the World in 2001, emphasizing its global cultural significance.
4. The printing of Jikji took place at Heungdeok Temple in Cheongju, which became an important center for early printing technology in Korea.
5. Jikji’s innovation played a key role in promoting literacy and disseminating knowledge, paving the way for the development of Korea's rich literary tradition.

Review Questions

• How did jikji represent a technological advancement in the context of book arts during its time?
  • Jikji showcased a major leap forward in printing technology by being the first known book produced with movable metal type. This method allowed for more efficient production of texts compared to traditional woodblock printing, making it easier to reproduce books quickly. The ability to rearrange individual characters enabled greater flexibility in publishing, ultimately contributing to increased literacy rates and access to knowledge in Korea.
• Discuss the cultural significance of jikji in relation to Buddhism and its impact on Korean literature.
  • Jikji holds substantial cultural importance as it contains teachings that reflect Buddhist philosophy, which deeply permeated Korean society. By disseminating Buddhist concepts through printed text, jikji played a crucial role in the spread of Buddhist thought and practices across Korea. The book not only enriched Korean literature but also facilitated the preservation of religious teachings that influenced various aspects of daily life and culture.
• Evaluate the implications of jikji's recognition by UNESCO on our understanding of cultural heritage and historical documentation.
  • The recognition of jikji by UNESCO as a Memory of the World underscores its importance as a cultural artifact that contributes to our understanding of historical documentation practices. This acknowledgment highlights the global significance of early Korean innovations in printing technology and their impact on literacy and knowledge dissemination. It also emphasizes the need to preserve such artifacts for future generations, ensuring that diverse cultural heritages are acknowledged and valued within a broader historical context.

Related terms

Movable Type: A printing technology that uses individual characters made from metal or wood to compose text, allowing for more efficient production of books compared to earlier methods.

Hanji: Traditional Korean paper made from mulberry trees, known for its durability and strength, often used in various art forms including calligraphy and crafts.

Buddhism: A religion and philosophy based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha), which significantly influenced Korean culture and literature, including the content of early printed texts.