Frieze

Definition

A frieze is a horizontal band of decorated material that typically runs along the upper part of a wall or building, often found in classical architecture. It serves both an aesthetic and functional purpose, often displaying relief sculptures or painted scenes that can tell stories or depict important cultural themes. In classical architecture, friezes are integral to the overall design, especially within the context of the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian orders, as well as in architectural sculpture like pediments and metopes.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Friezes can be found in various architectural styles, but they are most commonly associated with classical Greek and Roman structures.
2. The decoration on friezes often includes intricate carvings that convey narratives or celebrate significant cultural and religious events.
3. Friezes vary in style and complexity across the three classical orders; for instance, Ionic friezes often include floral motifs while Doric friezes are more austere.
4. In temples like the Parthenon, the frieze plays a crucial role in visual storytelling, depicting scenes from mythology and civic life.
5. Friezes not only enhance the visual appeal of a building but also contribute to its structural integrity by providing additional support to the entablature.

Review Questions

• How do friezes function within the context of different architectural orders like Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian?
  • Friezes serve different functions and exhibit distinct characteristics depending on the architectural order. In the Doric order, friezes tend to be simpler and less ornate, reflecting a sense of strength and stability. Conversely, Ionic friezes are often more decorative, incorporating scrolls and floral motifs that add elegance. Corinthian friezes may be even more elaborate, showcasing intricate designs that emphasize grandeur. This variation highlights how friezes contribute to the overall aesthetic and thematic expression within each order.
• Discuss the role of friezes in architectural sculpture alongside other elements like pediments and metopes.
  • Friezes play an essential role in architectural sculpture by providing a continuous narrative space that complements other sculptural elements such as pediments and metopes. While metopes feature discrete relief panels often depicting specific mythological scenes, friezes can depict longer narratives in a continuous format. Pediments typically highlight key figures or events in a triangular space above entrances. Together, these elements create a cohesive visual story that enhances the overall message and aesthetic of a building.
• Evaluate the significance of friezes in expressing cultural values in classical architecture and their impact on later architectural styles.
  • Friezes in classical architecture are significant as they reflect the cultural values and narratives of their time through artistic expression. They often celebrate mythology, civic pride, or religious beliefs, thus serving as a medium for conveying societal ideals. The techniques and styles developed for frieze decoration influenced later architectural movements, contributing to Renaissance and Neoclassical designs that revived classical elements. This lasting impact underscores how friezes not only served aesthetic purposes but also acted as vehicles for cultural identity throughout history.

Related terms

Metope: A metope is a rectangular panel between the triglyphs of a Doric frieze, often adorned with relief sculptures that depict mythological scenes or historical events.

Pediment: The pediment is the triangular upper part of a building facade, usually located above the entrance, often filled with sculptural decoration that complements the frieze below.

Doric Order: The Doric order is one of the classical architectural styles characterized by its sturdy columns and simple, unadorned friezes, reflecting strength and simplicity.