Waru waru

Definition

Waru waru is an ancient agricultural technique used by the Andean cultures, particularly by the Inca civilization, that involves the creation of raised fields with water channels between them. This innovative method not only improved drainage and reduced erosion but also allowed for better crop yields in the challenging Andean environment. Waru waru exemplifies the Inca's advanced understanding of their landscape and showcases their agricultural ingenuity.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Waru waru fields were typically built in a zigzag pattern, allowing water to flow through the channels and reach the crops effectively.
2. This technique helped mitigate the effects of frost by utilizing warmer water in the channels, creating a microclimate for crops.
3. The raised beds in waru waru systems were often enriched with organic material, enhancing soil fertility and productivity.
4. Waru waru was particularly useful in high-altitude areas where traditional farming methods struggled due to harsh weather conditions.
5. The use of waru waru reflects the Inca civilization's deep connection to their environment and their ability to adapt agricultural practices to diverse landscapes.

Review Questions

• How did the waru waru technique contribute to agricultural sustainability in the Inca civilization?
  • Waru waru contributed to agricultural sustainability by enhancing water management and soil fertility. The raised fields allowed for efficient drainage while the water channels provided consistent moisture to crops. This system minimized erosion and crop loss during heavy rains or frost, ensuring a reliable food supply even in challenging high-altitude environments. The adaptability of this technique showcased how the Incas maximized agricultural output from their landscape.
• In what ways does waru waru compare with other ancient agricultural practices, such as terracing or chinampa systems?
  • Waru waru shares similarities with terracing and chinampa systems as all three techniques involve modifying landscapes to improve agricultural productivity. However, while terracing focuses on creating flat plots on slopes and chinampas build up fertile beds in lakes, waru waru features raised fields separated by water channels. Each method reflects the unique environmental challenges faced by their respective cultures and demonstrates innovative solutions to achieve food security.
• Evaluate the impact of waru waru on the social structure and economy of the Inca civilization.
  • Waru waru had a profound impact on both the social structure and economy of the Inca civilization by ensuring food security and enabling surplus production. This agricultural efficiency allowed for population growth and supported a complex society with specialized roles. The surplus also facilitated trade between regions, strengthening economic ties within the empire. Additionally, successful agricultural practices like waru waru enhanced social stability, as access to food resources helped prevent famine and unrest among communities.

Related terms

Terracing: A method of farming on sloped land that involves creating flat areas or steps to grow crops, reducing soil erosion and allowing for better water management.

Chinampa: A Mesoamerican farming technique where small, rectangular areas of fertile arable land are created on shallow lake beds, similar to the raised beds in waru waru.

Agronomy: The science of soil management and crop production, which encompasses various agricultural techniques like waru waru to enhance food security.