Theodore Dreiser

Definition

Theodore Dreiser was an American novelist and journalist, known for his role in developing naturalism in literature during the early 20th century. His works often explore the influence of environment and heredity on human behavior, reflecting themes of social realism and determinism. Dreiser’s depiction of urban life and the struggles of individuals against societal forces make him a key figure in understanding the impact of industrialization and urbanization on American literature.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Dreiser's most notable works include 'Sister Carrie' and 'An American Tragedy,' both of which showcase his naturalistic style and focus on social issues.
2. He often highlighted the harsh realities of life for the working class and criticized the American Dream, showing how it can lead to disillusionment.
3. 'Sister Carrie' was considered scandalous upon its release due to its frank treatment of sexuality and moral ambiguity.
4. Dreiser believed that human beings are influenced by forces beyond their control, which aligns with the concept of determinism in naturalism.
5. His writing style is characterized by detailed descriptions of characters and settings, immersing readers in the urban landscapes he portrayed.

Review Questions

• How did Theodore Dreiser's background influence his writing style and themes?
  • Theodore Dreiser grew up in a poor, immigrant family, experiencing firsthand the struggles of lower-class Americans. This background deeply influenced his writing style, as he focused on the gritty realities of life for ordinary people. His personal experiences with poverty and societal challenges inspired themes of determinism, social realism, and the impact of environment on individual choices, which are prevalent throughout his works.
• Discuss how Dreiser’s work embodies the principles of naturalism and social realism.
  • Dreiser's work exemplifies naturalism through his portrayal of characters who are largely products of their environment and heredity. In 'Sister Carrie,' for instance, the protagonist's fate is heavily influenced by her social circumstances and desires, showcasing how external factors shape individual lives. Additionally, his focus on social issues like class struggle aligns with social realism, as he sheds light on the harsh realities faced by working-class individuals in a rapidly industrializing society.
• Evaluate the impact of urbanization on Theodore Dreiser's portrayal of American life in his novels.
  • Urbanization significantly shaped Theodore Dreiser's portrayal of American life, as he often depicted the bustling cities as both opportunities for success and environments rife with moral decay. In novels like 'An American Tragedy,' the urban setting becomes a character itself, influencing the protagonist's ambitions and ultimately leading to tragic outcomes. Through this lens, Dreiser critiques the illusion of the American Dream, illustrating how urban life can simultaneously offer hope while exposing individuals to harsh realities that challenge their aspirations.

Related terms

Naturalism: A literary movement that emphasizes a deterministic view of human behavior, suggesting that individuals are shaped by their environment and heredity.

Social Realism: A literary approach that aims to depict everyday life and social issues, focusing on the lives of ordinary people and the struggles they face.

Urbanization: The process by which cities grow and societies become more urban, significantly affecting cultural, social, and economic dynamics.