Entablature

Definition

An entablature is a horizontal structure that rests on columns and consists of three main parts: the architrave, frieze, and cornice. This architectural feature plays a critical role in classical architecture, as it serves not only a structural purpose but also an aesthetic one, embodying the ideals of harmony and proportion found in Greek Revival and Neoclassicism.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The entablature is a key element in classical architecture, making it crucial for structures designed during the Greek Revival and Neoclassical periods.
2. In Greek Revival architecture, entablatures often feature elaborate ornamentation that reflects ancient Greek designs, emphasizing grandeur and symmetry.
3. The height and proportions of an entablature can vary significantly depending on the style of the columns it rests upon, creating a cohesive aesthetic.
4. Entablatures are commonly found in monumental buildings such as government structures, museums, and temples, representing a link to classical ideals.
5. Understanding the components of an entablature is essential for analyzing the overall design and function of classical architecture, as it directly influences how light and shadow play across the building's façade.

Review Questions

• How does the design of an entablature reflect the principles of Greek Revival and Neoclassicism?
  • The design of an entablature reflects the principles of Greek Revival and Neoclassicism through its emphasis on symmetry, proportion, and harmony. These architectural styles drew inspiration from ancient Greek structures, which valued aesthetic balance. The use of elements like decorative friezes and projecting cornices in entablatures showcases the artisanship and attention to detail that characterize these movements.
• Discuss the significance of each component of an entablature in relation to its overall function in classical architecture.
  • Each component of an entablature—the architrave, frieze, and cornice—serves a specific purpose while contributing to its overall function. The architrave acts as a support for the structure above it, ensuring stability. The frieze adds visual interest with decorative elements that convey thematic narratives or historical references. Lastly, the cornice provides protection against weather elements while enhancing visual appeal with its projecting design. Together, these components create a cohesive architectural feature that is both functional and ornamental.
• Evaluate how modern interpretations of entablatures have evolved from their classical origins and their relevance today.
  • Modern interpretations of entablatures have evolved by incorporating contemporary materials and design sensibilities while still honoring classical origins. Architects today might simplify or abstract the traditional elements of an entablature to fit modern aesthetics or functional requirements. This evolution illustrates how classical forms continue to influence current architectural practices, demonstrating their enduring relevance in creating visually impactful buildings that connect past ideals with present needs.

Related terms

Column: A vertical structural element that supports the entablature and can be decorative, often seen in various classical styles like Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian.

Frieze: The middle section of the entablature that often features decorative reliefs or inscriptions, providing visual interest and context to the building's design.

Cornice: The uppermost part of the entablature that projects out, acting as a visual cap to the structure while also helping to divert rainwater away from the building.