Muhammad Ali's cotton textile industry in Egypt can best be understood as an example of:
Islamic economic reform based on religious principles
Colonial development directed by Ottoman authorities
Free-market capitalism inspired by Adam Smith
Defensive modernization in response to European power
Verified for the 2025 AP World History: Modern exam•Citation:
Evan Liddle
This stream examined global culture, economics and immigration in the 20th century and considered ways to connect it to the course Pre-20th Century material for a possible DBQ.