Muhammad Ali's cotton textile industry in Egypt can best be understood as an example of:
Colonial development directed by Ottoman authorities
Free-market capitalism inspired by Adam Smith
Defensive modernization in response to European power
Islamic economic reform based on religious principles
Verified for the 2025 AP World History: Modern exam•Citation:
Allie Thiessen
Learn how to annotate secondary sources in this video. Here, teacher Allie Thiessen identifies the differences between primary and secondary sources and why a different approach may be used to annotate secondary sources. Walk through the steps of how to annotate a secondary source and practice with several examples.