Zebu cattle

Definition

Zebu cattle are a type of domesticated cattle characterized by their distinctive hump over the shoulders and long, drooping ears. They are primarily found in South Asia and are integral to agricultural practices, serving as vital sources of labor, milk, and meat in various farming communities. Their adaptability to tropical climates and resistance to certain diseases make them particularly valuable in regions where other cattle might struggle.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Zebu cattle are believed to have originated in South Asia, specifically in the Indian subcontinent, around 4000-6000 years ago.
2. They are crucial for farmers in regions with harsh climates due to their ability to thrive in high temperatures and withstand drought conditions.
3. In addition to providing meat and milk, zebu cattle are commonly used as draught animals for plowing fields and transporting goods.
4. The cultural significance of zebu cattle is immense, as they play a role in rituals, social status, and are often a form of currency in certain communities.
5. Zebu cattle have several breeds, including the Indu-Brazilian and Gir, each exhibiting different traits suitable for specific environmental conditions or farming needs.

Review Questions

• How do zebu cattle demonstrate adaptability to their environment compared to other cattle breeds?
  • Zebu cattle are highly adaptable to tropical environments due to their physical characteristics, such as the hump on their backs that helps them cope with heat. Their long ears also aid in thermoregulation, allowing them to stay cool. In contrast, many other cattle breeds struggle in high temperatures or humid conditions, making zebu a preferred choice for farmers in those regions.
• Discuss the economic importance of zebu cattle within South Asian agricultural systems.
  • Zebu cattle play a crucial economic role in South Asian agriculture by providing multiple resources. They serve not only as draught animals for plowing fields but also supply milk and meat for local consumption and trade. Their ability to thrive in challenging climates makes them indispensable for farmers, especially those engaged in pastoralism or subsistence farming, leading to their integration into both local economies and cultural practices.
• Evaluate the cultural significance of zebu cattle among South Asian communities and how this reflects broader agricultural practices.
  • Zebu cattle hold profound cultural significance across many South Asian communities, often symbolizing wealth and social status. They are integral to various rituals, festivals, and social ceremonies, showcasing their importance beyond mere economic value. This cultural connection also reflects broader agricultural practices where livestock is central to community life, indicating an intertwining of economic needs with cultural identity. Understanding this relationship highlights how agricultural systems can shape social structures and values within societies.

Related terms

Domestication: The process by which wild animals are adapted to human needs through selective breeding and care, leading to changes in behavior and morphology.

Brahman: A breed of zebu cattle known for its resilience in hot climates and is often used in crossbreeding to enhance the traits of other cattle breeds.

Pastoralism: A form of agriculture focused on the raising and herding of livestock, often practiced in arid and semi-arid regions.