Crime and Punishment

Definition

Crime and Punishment is a novel by Fyodor Dostoevsky that explores the psychological and moral dilemmas faced by a young man named Raskolnikov after he commits murder. The story delves into themes of guilt, redemption, and the struggle between good and evil, reflecting the complexities of human nature and the impact of societal influences on morality.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Dostoevsky wrote Crime and Punishment in 1866 during a time of social upheaval in Russia, reflecting the struggles of individuals against the backdrop of societal expectations.
2. The novel is structured around Raskolnikov's internal conflict, showcasing his descent into madness as he wrestles with guilt after committing murder.
3. Themes of redemption are central to the story, with Raskolnikov's eventual path towards seeking forgiveness highlighting the possibility of moral regeneration.
4. The character of Sonya serves as a symbol of compassion and redemption, guiding Raskolnikov towards understanding love and humility in contrast to his initial nihilism.
5. The book raises questions about morality, justice, and the implications of utilitarianism, challenging readers to consider the nature of crime in relation to societal norms.

Review Questions

• How does Raskolnikov's character evolve throughout Crime and Punishment in relation to his views on morality?
  • Raskolnikov begins as an individual who believes he is above moral law, justified in committing murder for what he perceives as a noble cause. However, as the story unfolds, he experiences profound guilt and alienation that force him to confront the reality of his actions. This internal struggle ultimately leads to a transformation where he recognizes the importance of compassion and human connection, demonstrating a significant evolution in his understanding of morality.
• Analyze how Dostoevsky uses the setting of Petersburg to enhance the themes present in Crime and Punishment.
  • Dostoevsky employs Petersburg not just as a backdrop but as a living entity that reflects Raskolnikov's turmoil. The oppressive atmosphere of the city mirrors his psychological state, highlighting feelings of isolation and despair. The social issues prevalent in Petersburg also serve as a critique of society’s influence on individual morality, emphasizing how external environments can shape personal choices and internal conflicts.
• Evaluate the significance of redemption in Crime and Punishment and how it contrasts with Raskolnikov's initial beliefs.
  • Redemption plays a crucial role in Crime and Punishment as it illustrates the journey from despair to hope. Initially, Raskolnikov views himself as justified in his actions through a utilitarian lens; however, his journey reveals that true redemption requires acknowledging one's humanity and moral responsibilities. This shift underscores Dostoevsky's belief that even those who have strayed far from moral paths can find forgiveness through love and acceptance, thereby challenging the reader's perspective on justice and redemption.

Related terms

Raskolnikov: The protagonist of the novel, a former student who rationalizes his crime as a means to achieve a greater good but ultimately grapples with overwhelming guilt and alienation.

Existentialism: A philosophical movement that emphasizes individual existence, freedom, and choice, often exploring themes of absurdity and the search for meaning in a chaotic world, relevant to Raskolnikov's internal struggles.

Petersburg: The city in which the novel is set, representing both the physical and psychological landscape through its oppressive atmosphere and the social issues faced by its inhabitants.