Postclassic period

Definition

The postclassic period refers to a specific timeframe in Mesoamerican history, roughly spanning from 900 to 1500 CE, characterized by significant cultural, political, and economic developments following the classic period. This era saw the rise of new civilizations, the proliferation of trade networks, and the evolution of artistic and literary expressions, particularly evident in Mayan literature and Mesoamerican codices.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. During the postclassic period, there was a decline in the political centralization that characterized the classic period, leading to more decentralized societies.
2. The emergence of new powerful city-states like Chichen Itza and Tula marked a shift in political dynamics and trade routes in Mesoamerica during this time.
3. Mayan literature flourished in the postclassic period, with important texts such as the Popol Vuh being composed, reflecting a blend of pre-colonial and colonial influences.
4. Mesoamerican codices created during the postclassic period contain vital information about rituals, mythology, history, and astronomy, showcasing the continuity and adaptation of cultural practices.
5. The postclassic period set the stage for European contact in the 16th century, significantly impacting Mesoamerican societies through cultural exchanges and eventual colonization.

Review Questions

• How did the transition from the classic to postclassic period affect political structures in Mesoamerica?
  • The transition from the classic to postclassic period resulted in a decline in centralized political structures that had characterized earlier times. City-states became more prominent, leading to increased competition among them. This shift created a diverse landscape of power dynamics where various regional powers emerged, resulting in a more fragmented political environment that influenced trade and cultural interactions across Mesoamerica.
• Discuss how Mayan literature evolved during the postclassic period and its significance for understanding Mesoamerican culture.
  • Mayan literature experienced significant evolution during the postclassic period as it incorporated both traditional elements and new influences stemming from changing sociopolitical landscapes. Texts like the Popol Vuh not only preserved mythological narratives but also reflected contemporary issues faced by the Mayan people. This evolution is crucial for understanding how Mesoamerican cultures adapted their storytelling traditions amid external pressures and internal transformations.
• Evaluate the impact of Mesoamerican codices created during the postclassic period on our understanding of pre-Columbian societies.
  • The Mesoamerican codices from the postclassic period are invaluable resources for evaluating pre-Columbian societies as they provide insights into their religious beliefs, historical events, and societal structures. These codices reveal a continuity of cultural practices while also documenting adaptations to new challenges posed by changing environments and outside influences. By studying these texts, scholars gain a more nuanced understanding of how Mesoamerican civilizations navigated their complex identities in the face of impending European contact and colonization.

Related terms

Mayan civilization: A Mesoamerican civilization known for its advanced writing system, mathematics, astronomy, and impressive architectural achievements.

Codex: An ancient manuscript in book form that contains important cultural, historical, and religious texts, often illustrated with intricate designs.

Tikal: One of the most significant ancient Mayan cities, known for its grand temples and rich cultural contributions during both the classic and postclassic periods.