Centralized Architecture

Definition

Centralized architecture refers to a network design where a central node, or base station, is responsible for collecting, processing, and managing data from all connected nodes in the system. This setup is characterized by the reliance on the central node for coordination, making it easier to implement certain functionalities such as monitoring and control. Centralized architecture can impact various aspects of network topology, security measures, and hardware platform compatibility.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. In centralized architecture, the central node can be a powerful device capable of handling substantial data processing tasks, which makes it suitable for applications requiring real-time data management.
2. This architecture can simplify network management and reduce latency in communication since all data is routed through a single point.
3. Centralized architecture may create a single point of failure; if the central node goes down, the entire network may become inoperable.
4. The star topology is a common example of centralized architecture, where all sensor nodes connect directly to a central hub.
5. Security in centralized architectures often relies on protecting the central node, which requires robust measures to prevent attacks that could compromise the entire network.

Review Questions

• How does centralized architecture influence the choice of network topology in wireless sensor networks?
  • Centralized architecture typically leads to the adoption of star topology due to its efficiency in managing communications. In this setup, each sensor node connects directly to a central base station, simplifying data collection and reducing latency. The base station can easily monitor and control connected nodes, making it ideal for applications that require real-time updates and centralized management.
• Discuss the potential security vulnerabilities associated with centralized architecture in wireless sensor networks.
  • Centralized architecture introduces specific security vulnerabilities primarily due to its reliance on a single point of control—the central node. If this node is compromised or experiences failure, it can jeopardize the entire network's functionality. Additionally, because all data flows through this point, it becomes an attractive target for attackers who may exploit it to gain unauthorized access or disrupt services.
• Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of using centralized architecture versus decentralized architecture in wireless sensor networks.
  • Centralized architecture offers advantages such as simplified management and lower communication latency, making it suitable for applications needing real-time data processing. However, it poses risks like a single point of failure and potential bottlenecks during high traffic. In contrast, decentralized architecture enhances resilience by distributing control across nodes but may introduce complexities in coordination and data consistency. Choosing between these architectures depends on specific application requirements and resource availability.

Related terms

Base Station: A fixed point in a wireless network that communicates with wireless devices, acting as a central hub for data exchange.

Decentralized Architecture: A network structure where control and data processing responsibilities are distributed across multiple nodes rather than being concentrated in a single central unit.

Network Topology: The arrangement or layout of different elements (links, nodes, etc.) in a computer network, influencing its performance and scalability.