Third inversion

Definition

Third inversion refers to a specific arrangement of the notes in a seventh chord where the fifth of the chord is placed in the bass, making it the lowest note. This inversion is characterized by its unique sound and is not commonly used as frequently as other inversions. In the context of figured bass, third inversion is indicated with the numeral '6-4', showing that the chord is in this particular positioning.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. In third inversion, the fifth of the chord becomes the lowest note, which can create a distinct and sometimes unstable sound in harmony.
2. This inversion is typically applied to seventh chords and is represented by the figured bass notation '6-4', indicating the interval above the bass note.
3. Third inversion often creates a sense of tension that can be resolved by moving to a more stable chord, enhancing musical progression.
4. When writing music, composers may use third inversion to add variety and color to their harmonic language, even if it's less common than other inversions.
5. Third inversion can also influence voice leading and counterpoint, as it requires careful attention to how each voice moves between chords.

Review Questions

• How does third inversion differ from other inversions of a seventh chord in terms of structure and sound?
  • Third inversion specifically places the fifth of a seventh chord in the bass position, creating a distinctive sound that contrasts with root position or first and second inversions. While other inversions might have a more stable tonal center, third inversion introduces tension because of its lower bass note. This unique structure can lead to interesting harmonic progressions when transitioning to more stable chords.
• What is the significance of figured bass notation in indicating third inversion, and how does it affect performance practices?
  • Figured bass notation provides performers with essential information on how to play chords and their inversions. For third inversion, it indicates '6-4', meaning that performers should recognize the specific positioning of notes. This impacts performance practices by guiding musicians on which notes to emphasize, influencing how harmonies are voiced during performances.
• Evaluate how using third inversion in composition can enhance harmonic progression and voice leading within a piece.
  • Incorporating third inversion into composition allows for greater harmonic diversity and progression by introducing tension that begs resolution. When composers utilize this inversion, they create opportunities for smoother voice leading and enhanced counterpoint. By resolving from third inversion to more stable chords, composers can craft compelling emotional narratives within their music, making it both engaging and dynamic.

Related terms

seventh chord: A chord that consists of four notes: the root, third, fifth, and seventh, which can create a rich harmonic texture.

chord inversion: The rearrangement of the notes in a chord so that different notes are in the bass, creating different harmonic functions.

figured bass: A musical notation system used to indicate chords and their inversions, using numbers and symbols below the bass line.