Satellite altimetry

Definition

Satellite altimetry is a remote sensing technique used to measure the distance between a satellite and the Earth's surface, particularly the ocean, by bouncing radar signals off the surface and calculating the time it takes for the signals to return. This method provides critical data for understanding sea level variations and monitoring tidal phenomena, making it a valuable tool in studying ocean dynamics and wave energy resources.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Satellite altimetry can detect changes in sea level as small as a few centimeters, allowing for precise monitoring of tidal patterns.
2. Data collected from satellite altimetry contributes to understanding ocean circulation, which affects wave energy potential in coastal areas.
3. This technology has been instrumental in measuring global sea level rise, providing essential data for climate change studies.
4. Satellite altimetry can also be used to identify underwater topography by measuring how the ocean's surface is influenced by seafloor features.
5. The technique relies on several satellites operating in various missions, like TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason-1, which have enhanced our understanding of ocean dynamics.

Review Questions

• How does satellite altimetry improve our understanding of tidal phenomena and their driving forces?
  • Satellite altimetry improves our understanding of tidal phenomena by providing accurate measurements of sea level changes caused by gravitational interactions between the Earth, moon, and sun. By collecting data on sea level variations over time, scientists can develop more precise models of tides and better understand how various factors influence tidal dynamics. This information is crucial for predicting tides and managing coastal ecosystems.
• Discuss the importance of satellite altimetry in assessing wave energy resources along coastlines.
  • Satellite altimetry plays a vital role in assessing wave energy resources by measuring ocean surface height variations that indicate wave activity. The data gathered helps identify regions with strong and consistent wave patterns, making it easier to locate optimal sites for wave energy converters. Furthermore, understanding how ocean currents interact with wave patterns can lead to better designs and placements of energy harnessing devices.
• Evaluate how advancements in satellite altimetry have impacted research on climate change and its effects on ocean dynamics.
  • Advancements in satellite altimetry have significantly impacted climate change research by providing continuous and accurate data on global sea level rise and its relationship with climate variability. This technology allows researchers to monitor changes in ocean dynamics, such as shifts in currents and heat distribution, which are crucial for understanding climate patterns. The ability to track these changes helps policymakers make informed decisions regarding climate adaptation strategies and environmental management.

Related terms

Radar Altimeter: A device that measures altitude by bouncing radar waves off the Earth's surface and timing how long it takes for the waves to return.

Sea Level Rise: The increase in the average level of the oceans due to factors such as climate change, which can be monitored using satellite altimetry.

Tidal Models: Mathematical representations of tidal phenomena that predict changes in sea levels based on gravitational forces from celestial bodies, often validated using data from satellite altimetry.