Securitizing move

Definition

A securitizing move is a speech act or declaration that frames an issue as an existential threat, thereby justifying the use of extraordinary measures to address it. This concept is central to securitization theory, which emphasizes how political actors can construct security narratives that lead to shifts in policy and public perception regarding specific issues.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Securitizing moves can be made by various actors, including political leaders, governments, and non-state organizations, using rhetoric that portrays an issue as urgent and threatening.
2. The effectiveness of a securitizing move often depends on the audience's perception of the threat and their willingness to accept extraordinary measures for security.
3. Securitization is not just about the immediate declaration; it often leads to changes in policies, such as increased military funding or surveillance measures.
4. Public acceptance of securitizing moves can vary widely based on cultural, social, and historical contexts, affecting how threats are perceived.
5. Critics argue that securitizing moves can lead to overreach in governmental power and can marginalize certain groups by framing them as threats.

Review Questions

• How do securitizing moves influence public perception of security threats?
  • Securitizing moves shape public perception by framing certain issues as existential threats that require urgent action. When political leaders employ specific rhetoric, they evoke fear and urgency among the audience, which can lead to widespread support for extraordinary measures. This shift often alters the way society views specific issues, making them appear more dangerous and prioritizing them in political discourse.
• What role do political leaders play in the process of securitization through their speech acts?
  • Political leaders are crucial in the securitization process as they use speech acts to label issues as security concerns. Their declarations often leverage emotional appeals and historical narratives to resonate with the public's fears and anxieties. By doing so, they can mobilize support for policy changes that may involve increased surveillance or military intervention, showcasing their ability to shape the security agenda.
• Evaluate the potential consequences of a securitizing move on civil liberties and societal norms.
  • The consequences of a securitizing move can significantly impact civil liberties and societal norms by legitimizing extraordinary measures that may infringe on individual rights. When issues are framed as threats, governments may increase surveillance, curtail freedoms, or implement emergency powers without sufficient oversight. This shift in governance can create a culture of fear and compliance among citizens while also normalizing the idea that exceptional measures are necessary for security, potentially leading to long-term changes in democratic practices.

Related terms

Securitization: The process through which a state actor presents a particular issue as a security concern, enabling it to gain priority in political discourse and action.

Desecuritization: The process of removing an issue from the security agenda, reframing it as a normal political issue rather than an existential threat.

Speech Act Theory: A theory that examines how language can be used not just to convey information but to perform actions, such as making promises or declarations.