A harmonic potential is a type of potential energy function that describes the restoring force experienced by a particle displaced from its equilibrium position, represented mathematically as $$V(x) = rac{1}{2} k x^2$$, where $$k$$ is the force constant and $$x$$ is the displacement. This potential energy function is crucial in modeling systems where oscillatory motion occurs, such as vibrations in molecules, leading to important insights into molecular dynamics and force fields.
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