Geoffrey Chaucer

Definition

Geoffrey Chaucer was an English poet and author of the late 14th century, widely regarded as the father of English literature. His most famous work, 'The Canterbury Tales,' reflects the use of vernacular language and the complexities of society during the Middle Ages, marking a significant moment in the development of literature that catered to a broader audience beyond the elite.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Chaucer was born around 1343 and served in various official capacities, including as a courtier and diplomat, which influenced his writing.
2. His use of iambic pentameter and rhymed verse set a new standard for English poetry, influencing future generations of writers.
3. Chaucer's characters in 'The Canterbury Tales' come from diverse social backgrounds, showcasing the variety of medieval society and allowing readers to understand different perspectives.
4. He was one of the first authors to write in English instead of Latin or French, reflecting a shift towards the vernacular that democratized literature.
5. Chaucer's work laid the groundwork for later writers, such as Shakespeare, making him a crucial figure in the evolution of English literature.

Review Questions

• How did Geoffrey Chaucer's use of vernacular language in his works influence the accessibility of literature during his time?
  • Geoffrey Chaucer's decision to write in the vernacular made literature accessible to a broader audience, moving away from Latin and French that were primarily understood by the elite. By utilizing Middle English, Chaucer allowed common people to engage with his stories, such as those in 'The Canterbury Tales.' This accessibility not only reflected the social dynamics of his time but also encouraged other writers to adopt similar practices, leading to a rise in vernacular literature.
• In what ways do 'The Canterbury Tales' reflect the complexities of medieval society and contribute to our understanding of that era?
  • The characters in 'The Canterbury Tales' represent various social classes and occupations, from knights to peasants, reflecting the diversity of medieval society. Through their tales and interactions, Chaucer presents insights into societal norms, values, and conflicts. This multifaceted portrayal enables readers to grasp the intricacies of life during Chaucer's time, illustrating how social status influenced perspectives and experiences.
• Evaluate the lasting impact of Geoffrey Chaucer on the development of English literature and language.
  • Geoffrey Chaucer's impact on English literature is profound; he pioneered writing in Middle English at a time when Latin dominated literary expression. His innovative use of iambic pentameter set new standards for poetic form and inspired future writers. Additionally, by portraying a wide range of characters and themes in 'The Canterbury Tales,' Chaucer opened doors for storytelling that emphasized individual experiences within societal contexts. This shift not only influenced later literary giants like Shakespeare but also established a foundation for modern English literature.

Related terms

The Canterbury Tales: A collection of stories told by a group of pilgrims traveling to Canterbury, highlighting various aspects of medieval society and using a range of dialects and perspectives.

Vernacular Literature: Literature written in the native language of a specific region, making it more accessible to the general population and contributing to its cultural significance.

Middle English: The form of English spoken and written between the late 11th and the late 15th century, which Chaucer famously utilized in his works to reach a wider audience.