Compressed natural gas

Definition

Compressed natural gas (CNG) is a fossil fuel that consists primarily of methane, which is stored at high pressure to reduce its volume. CNG is used as a cleaner alternative to gasoline and diesel in internal combustion engines, contributing to lower emissions and reduced environmental impact compared to traditional fuels.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. CNG is stored in high-pressure cylinders at around 3,000 to 3,600 psi, allowing it to take up less space compared to its gaseous form.
2. Using CNG in internal combustion engines can significantly lower emissions of harmful pollutants such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides.
3. CNG vehicles generally have a longer range than electric vehicles and can be refueled quickly, making them practical for various transportation needs.
4. Natural gas is considered a cleaner-burning fuel because it emits less CO2 per unit of energy produced compared to gasoline and diesel.
5. CNG infrastructure includes fueling stations specially designed for compressing and dispensing natural gas to vehicles.

Review Questions

• How does the use of compressed natural gas in internal combustion engines affect emissions compared to traditional fuels?
  • Using compressed natural gas in internal combustion engines significantly reduces harmful emissions. CNG produces lower levels of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter when burned compared to gasoline or diesel. This reduction in harmful pollutants contributes to better air quality and helps combat climate change by lowering greenhouse gas emissions.
• What are the advantages of using compressed natural gas as an alternative fuel in vehicles with internal combustion engines?
  • Compressed natural gas offers several advantages as an alternative fuel. It burns cleaner than gasoline or diesel, resulting in fewer harmful emissions. Additionally, CNG vehicles tend to have lower operating costs due to the lower price of natural gas compared to traditional fuels. Refueling with CNG is also quick and convenient, providing a practical option for drivers seeking environmentally friendly alternatives.
• Evaluate the potential challenges associated with the widespread adoption of compressed natural gas in transportation, particularly regarding infrastructure and market dynamics.
  • The widespread adoption of compressed natural gas faces several challenges. One major issue is the need for a robust infrastructure of CNG fueling stations to support increased vehicle usage. The initial investment required for building these stations can be significant. Additionally, market dynamics can affect pricing and availability of natural gas, potentially influencing consumer adoption rates. Overcoming these hurdles requires coordinated efforts among government policies, private investments, and public awareness initiatives to promote CNG as a viable alternative fuel.

Related terms

Methane: A colorless, odorless gas that is the main component of natural gas, and is a potent greenhouse gas.

Internal combustion engine: An engine in which fuel combustion occurs within the engine itself, producing power through the expansion of gases.

Alternative fuels: Fuels that can be used as substitutes for traditional fossil fuels, often with the aim of reducing emissions and reliance on non-renewable resources.