St. Jerome

Definition

St. Jerome was a Christian scholar and translator best known for his Latin Vulgate Bible, which became the standard version of the Bible for the Roman Catholic Church. His work is emblematic of Renaissance symbolism as it reflects the era's focus on humanism, learning, and the rediscovery of classical texts while also emphasizing religious themes and the importance of scripture.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. St. Jerome is often depicted in art with a lion, symbolizing his story of taming a lion after removing a thorn from its paw, representing compassion and bravery.
2. His most famous work, the Vulgate, was completed in the late 4th century and is considered one of the most significant translations in Christian history.
3. St. Jerome's writings include letters, commentaries on biblical texts, and theological treatises that contributed to the development of Christian doctrine.
4. During the Renaissance, St. Jerome became a popular figure in art and literature as a symbol of scholarship and piety, inspiring many artists like Caravaggio and Raphael.
5. His feast day is celebrated on September 30th, and he is recognized as a Doctor of the Church, highlighting his important role in early Christianity.

Review Questions

• How did St. Jerome's translation work influence Renaissance humanism?
  • St. Jerome's translation work, particularly the Vulgate, greatly influenced Renaissance humanism by demonstrating the value of returning to original texts and emphasizing scholarly pursuit. His efforts highlighted the importance of biblical knowledge within a humanistic framework, as it encouraged individuals to engage deeply with scripture. This aligns with humanism's focus on classical learning, showcasing how religious texts could also be subjects of academic study.
• In what ways did St. Jerome's iconography reflect his significance during the Renaissance period?
  • St. Jerome's iconography during the Renaissance often depicted him with distinctive symbols like a lion or a scroll representing his scholarly nature and his connection to biblical texts. These images served to communicate his role as a translator and scholar while also emphasizing themes like wisdom and compassion. Artists used these symbols not only to identify him but also to convey deeper meanings about knowledge, faith, and redemption during an era that revered classical antiquity.
• Evaluate how St. Jerome's contributions to biblical translation have shaped contemporary Christian thought and practice.
  • St. Jerome's contributions to biblical translation have had a lasting impact on contemporary Christian thought and practice by establishing a standard text that informed theological discussions for centuries. The Vulgate became integral to liturgy and religious education within the Catholic Church, shaping how scripture is interpreted and taught today. Furthermore, his emphasis on accuracy and fidelity in translation has influenced modern approaches to biblical scholarship, fostering an ongoing dialogue about scripture's meaning in light of historical context.

Related terms

Vulgate: The Latin translation of the Bible by St. Jerome, which became the official Bible of the Roman Catholic Church and influenced Christian thought for centuries.

Humanism: An intellectual movement during the Renaissance that emphasized the value of human potential and achievements, often through the study of classical literature and texts.

Iconography: The study of symbols and images in art, often used to convey deeper meanings and religious messages, including those found in depictions of St. Jerome.