Chelmno was the first extermination camp established by Nazi Germany during the Holocaust, operating from December 1941 to January 1945. Located in Poland, it was primarily designed for the mass murder of Jews and other targeted groups through the use of gas vans, which killed victims using carbon monoxide. Chelmno is significant as it marks the beginning of the systematic extermination that characterized the Holocaust, highlighting the brutality and efficiency of the Nazi regime's genocidal policies.
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