The Council of Ephesus was an ecumenical council held in 431 CE that addressed significant theological disputes within early Christianity, particularly concerning the nature of Christ and the role of Mary as the Mother of God. This council was instrumental in affirming the doctrine of the hypostatic union, which describes the union of Christ's divine and human natures, and led to the condemnation of Nestorianism, a heresy that proposed a distinction between Christ's two natures. The council's decisions were crucial in shaping patristic literature as church fathers like Cyril of Alexandria articulated the faith against various heretical views.
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