Arjuna

Definition

Arjuna is a central character in the Indian epic, the Mahabharata, renowned as a skilled archer and a key protagonist in the narrative. His internal struggles, particularly during the Kurukshetra War, highlight themes of duty, morality, and righteousness, making him a pivotal figure in discussions about ethics in literature and religious texts.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Arjuna is one of the five Pandava brothers and is celebrated for his exceptional archery skills and bravery in battle.
2. During the Kurukshetra War, Arjuna experiences a moral crisis about fighting against his own relatives, teachers, and friends on the opposing side.
3. His reluctance to engage in battle leads to the profound teachings of Krishna in the Bhagavad Gita, where key concepts of duty (dharma) and selflessness are explored.
4. Arjuna’s character exemplifies the struggle between personal desires and societal responsibilities, serving as a reflection of broader human dilemmas.
5. As an archetypal hero, Arjuna's journey embodies both physical and spiritual quests, making him a vital figure for understanding Hindu philosophy and ethics.

Review Questions

• How does Arjuna's moral dilemma in the Bhagavad Gita illustrate the conflict between personal ethics and societal duties?
  • Arjuna's moral dilemma arises when he must confront his duty as a warrior against his personal feelings of compassion for his family members on the opposing side. This internal conflict is crucial as it showcases the tension between adhering to one's dharma as a Kshatriya and the emotional bonds he has with those he must fight. The teachings from Krishna help Arjuna navigate this conflict, emphasizing that fulfilling one's responsibilities can sometimes require difficult choices.
• Evaluate the role of Krishna as Arjuna's charioteer in shaping Arjuna's understanding of duty and righteousness.
  • Krishna's role as Arjuna's charioteer is essential in guiding him through his crisis by providing philosophical insights and practical advice. Through their dialogue in the Bhagavad Gita, Krishna reveals profound truths about dharma, karma, and devotion. By encouraging Arjuna to embrace his responsibilities without attachment to the results, Krishna helps him reconcile his inner turmoil with his external obligations as a warrior.
• Assess how Arjuna's character development throughout the Mahabharata reflects broader themes of heroism and moral complexity in literature.
  • Arjuna's character development encapsulates the essence of heroism intertwined with moral complexity, representing an ideal hero who grapples with ethical dilemmas. As he evolves from a reluctant warrior into a decisive fighter, his journey reflects the nuanced nature of courage and duty found in literature. This transformation highlights that true heroism involves confronting one's fears and doubts while navigating difficult moral landscapes, ultimately presenting a more relatable and humanized portrayal of what it means to be heroic.

Related terms

Krishna: Krishna is Arjuna's charioteer and divine guide, offering philosophical counsel that addresses Arjuna's moral dilemmas in the Bhagavad Gita.

Dharma: Dharma refers to the moral and ethical duties that individuals are expected to follow according to their role in society, a central theme in Arjuna's journey.

Bhagavad Gita: The Bhagavad Gita is a 700-verse Hindu scripture that is part of the Mahabharata, featuring a conversation between Arjuna and Krishna on duty, righteousness, and spirituality.