The Mermin inequality is a mathematical expression that helps to test the presence of quantum correlations in a system of particles and is particularly relevant in the study of quantum entanglement. It extends the concept of Bell inequalities by applying to systems with more than two measurement settings, showcasing the non-classical correlations that can arise in quantum mechanics. This inequality plays a critical role in device-independent quantum key distribution, allowing for secure communication without needing to trust the devices involved.
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