Thylakoid membranes are flat, disc-shaped structures found within chloroplasts, playing a crucial role in the process of photosynthesis. These membranes contain chlorophyll and other pigments that capture light energy, which is then used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. The organization of thylakoids into stacks known as grana increases the surface area for light absorption and enhances the efficiency of photosynthesis.
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