Fumarate is a key intermediate in the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle), formed from the oxidation of succinate and subsequently converted into malate. This four-carbon compound plays a critical role in cellular respiration, specifically in the process of energy production within the mitochondria. As part of the citric acid cycle, fumarate helps facilitate the transformation of substrates through enzymatic reactions that release energy stored in carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
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