Temperature

Definition

Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. It determines the direction of heat transfer between objects.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Temperature is measured in Kelvin (K), Celsius (°C), and Fahrenheit (°F).
2. At thermal equilibrium, two objects in contact have the same temperature.
3. The zeroth law of thermodynamics states that if two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are in thermal equilibrium with each other.
4. Temperature can affect physical properties like volume, pressure, and state of matter.
5. Absolute zero (0 K) is the lowest possible temperature, where particle motion theoretically stops.

Review Questions

• What does temperature measure in terms of particles?
• Explain the zeroth law of thermodynamics in relation to temperature.
• Why is absolute zero significant in thermodynamics?

Related terms

Thermal Equilibrium: A condition where two or more substances in physical contact with each other exchange no net heat energy, leading to the same temperature.

Heat: The transfer of thermal energy from one object to another due to a temperature difference.

Thermometer: An instrument used to measure temperature using various principles such as expansion of liquids or resistance changes.