South magnetic pole

Definition

The South Magnetic Pole is the point on the Earth's surface where the geomagnetic field lines are directed vertically upwards. It differs from the geographic South Pole and moves due to changes in the Earth's magnetic field.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The South Magnetic Pole is currently located off the coast of Antarctica and shifts over time due to changes in the Earth's core.
2. Unlike the geographic poles, magnetic poles are not fixed and can migrate several kilometers each year.
3. The South Magnetic Pole will attract the north-seeking end of a compass needle, which means it functions as a magnetic north pole in terms of navigation.
4. The movement and position of the South Magnetic Pole are significant for understanding geomagnetic secular variation.
5. Historical expeditions to determine its location have helped improve our understanding of Earth's magnetism.

Review Questions

• Where is the current location of the South Magnetic Pole?
• How does the South Magnetic Pole differ from the geographic South Pole?
• Why does a compass needle point towards the South Magnetic Pole?

Related terms

Magnetic Declination: The angle between geographic north and magnetic north at a specific location on Earth.

Geomagnetic Field: The magnetic field that extends from Earth's interior out into space, where it interacts with solar wind.

Dipole Model: $$A mathematical model that represents Earth's magnetic field as arising from a simple dipole magnet located at its center.$$