Eddy current

Definition

Eddy currents are localized electric currents induced within conductors by a changing magnetic field. These currents create their own magnetic fields which oppose the original magnetic field, according to Lenz's Law.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Eddy currents are induced when a conductor experiences a change in magnetic flux.
2. They cause energy losses in the form of heat, known as eddy current losses.
3. Lenz's Law explains that eddy currents create opposing magnetic fields to resist changes in the original magnetic field.
4. Applications of eddy currents include electromagnetic braking and induction heating.
5. Minimizing eddy current losses is achieved using laminated cores or materials with high electrical resistance.

Review Questions

• What causes the formation of eddy currents in conductors?
• How do eddy currents relate to Lenz's Law?
• Name two applications that utilize eddy currents.

Related terms

Magnetic Flux: The measure of the amount of magnetic field passing through a given surface area, usually measured in webers (Wb).

Lenz's Law: A principle stating that the direction of an induced current is always such as to oppose the change in the circuit or the magnetic field that produces it.

Electromagnetic Induction: $$\text{The process by which an electromotive force (EMF) is generated in a conductor due to a change in magnetic flux.}$$