Resonance

Definition

Resonance occurs when a system is driven at its natural frequency, leading to a significant increase in amplitude. It is a crucial concept in oscillations and wave phenomena.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The natural frequency is the frequency at which a system tends to oscillate in the absence of any driving or damping force.
2. In resonance, even small periodic forces can produce large amplitude oscillations because energy is efficiently transferred into the system.
3. Damping affects resonance by reducing the amplitude of oscillations and broadening the range of frequencies over which resonance occurs.
4. Resonance is observed not only in mechanical systems but also in electrical circuits and acoustic systems.
5. Real-world examples of resonance include the shattering of glass by a human voice, bridges vibrating due to wind, and tuning musical instruments.

Review Questions

• What conditions must be met for resonance to occur?
• How does damping influence the amplitude of resonant oscillations?
• Can you give an example of a real-world scenario where resonance plays a critical role?

Related terms

Natural Frequency: The frequency at which a system naturally oscillates when not subjected to continuous or repeated external forces.

Damping: A force that reduces the amplitude of oscillations in an oscillatory system, often due to friction or resistance.

Forced Oscillations: Oscillations that occur when an external periodic force drives a system.