Liquids

Definition

Liquids are a state of matter characterized by a fixed volume but no fixed shape, allowing them to flow and conform to the shape of their container. They exhibit properties such as incompressibility and viscosity.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container.
2. The density of a liquid is typically measured in kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m^3) or grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm^3).
3. Pressure in a liquid increases with depth due to the weight of the liquid above, according to the formula $P = \rho gh$.
4. Pascal's principle states that pressure applied at any point in an incompressible fluid is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid.
5. The buoyant force acting on an object submerged in a liquid is equal to the weight of the displaced liquid, as described by Archimedes' principle.

Review Questions

• How does Pascal's principle relate to liquids?
• What happens to the pressure in a liquid as depth increases?
• Explain how Archimedes' principle applies to an object submerged in a liquid.

Related terms

Density: Density is the mass per unit volume of a substance, often measured in kg/m^3 or g/cm^3.

Pressure: Pressure is the force exerted per unit area on the surface of an object, commonly measured in Pascals (Pa).

Viscosity: Viscosity is a measure of a fluid's resistance to deformation or flow, often perceived as 'thickness.'