Environmental Degradation

Definition

Environmental degradation refers to the deterioration of the natural environment through the depletion of resources, destruction of ecosystems, and pollution. This phenomenon is often driven by human activities, such as mining and industrial processes, which exploit natural resources for economic gain. As mineral resources are extracted, the surrounding ecosystems can be severely impacted, leading to soil erosion, loss of biodiversity, and contamination of water sources.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Environmental degradation can result from various activities including deforestation, pollution, overfishing, and mining, impacting both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems.
2. The extraction of minerals can lead to soil compaction and erosion, which diminishes land productivity and affects agricultural practices.
3. Pollution from mining operations can contaminate local water supplies with heavy metals like arsenic and mercury, posing risks to human health and wildlife.
4. Loss of biodiversity is a significant consequence of environmental degradation, as many species lose their habitats and food sources due to altered ecosystems.
5. Restoration efforts for degraded environments often require extensive planning and investment to recover lost ecological functions and services.

Review Questions

• How does environmental degradation impact ecosystems during mineral resource extraction?
  • Environmental degradation negatively affects ecosystems during mineral resource extraction by disrupting habitats, leading to soil erosion and loss of vegetation. The removal of trees and topsoil can alter the natural landscape, making it difficult for flora and fauna to thrive. Additionally, the introduction of pollutants from mining operations can contaminate nearby water sources and harm aquatic life, further destabilizing the ecosystem.
• Discuss the relationship between environmental degradation and sustainable development in the context of mineral resources.
  • The relationship between environmental degradation and sustainable development is crucial when considering mineral resource exploitation. Sustainable development aims to balance economic growth with environmental protection. However, if mineral resources are extracted without proper regulations or environmental safeguards in place, it leads to significant degradation. This undermines the very foundation of sustainable development by compromising the natural systems that support both current economic activities and future resource availability.
• Evaluate the long-term consequences of environmental degradation caused by mining on both human populations and local economies.
  • The long-term consequences of environmental degradation caused by mining extend beyond immediate ecological damage; they can significantly impact human populations and local economies. As natural resources become depleted or contaminated due to mining activities, communities that rely on these resources for their livelihoods may face economic hardships. Health issues stemming from pollution can further strain local healthcare systems. Ultimately, this degradation leads to a cycle of poverty and reduced quality of life for affected populations while hindering regional economic growth.

Related terms

Sustainable Development: A development approach that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs, emphasizing balance between economic growth and environmental protection.

Mining Pollution: Pollution resulting from mining operations, which can include toxic waste, heavy metals, and sediment runoff that adversely affect air, water, and soil quality.

Biodiversity Loss: The reduction in the variety of life in a particular habitat or ecosystem, often resulting from environmental degradation and habitat destruction.