Emission spectra are the range of wavelengths emitted by atoms or molecules when they transition from a higher energy state to a lower energy state, releasing energy in the form of light. These spectra are unique to each element or compound, making them useful for identifying substances and understanding their electronic structures. The appearance of the emission spectrum is closely related to the Franck-Condon principle, which describes how molecular vibrations influence electronic transitions, and is essential for interpreting spectral data in various chemical contexts.
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