Vancomycin

Definition

Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic used primarily to treat severe bacterial infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria. It is often reserved for cases where other antibiotics are ineffective or contraindicated.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Vancomycin is especially effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
2. It is commonly administered intravenously due to poor absorption when taken orally.
3. Red man syndrome, a common adverse reaction, occurs if the drug is infused too quickly.
4. Therapeutic drug monitoring is essential to ensure efficacy and minimize toxicity, particularly nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity.
5. Oral vancomycin is used specifically for treating Clostridium difficile infections.

Review Questions

• What types of infections is Vancomycin most effective against?
• Why must Vancomycin be administered intravenously in most cases?
• What are the main risks associated with Vancomycin therapy?

Related terms

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA): A type of staph bacteria that is resistant to many antibiotics, including methicillin.

Red Man Syndrome: An infusion-related reaction characterized by flushing, rash, and itching due to rapid administration of Vancomycin.

Clostridium Difficile (C. diff): A bacterium that causes severe diarrhea and colitis, often treated with oral Vancomycin.