Upper respiratory system

Definition

The upper respiratory system includes the nose, nasal cavity, sinuses, pharynx, and larynx. It is responsible for filtering, warming, and humidifying the air we breathe.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. The primary function of the upper respiratory system is to filter out foreign particles from inhaled air.
2. The nasal cavity has a rich supply of blood vessels that help warm the air before it reaches the lungs.
3. Mucus in the nasal passages traps dust, bacteria, and other airborne pathogens.
4. Cilia in the respiratory epithelium move mucus toward the pharynx where it can be swallowed or expelled.
5. The larynx houses the vocal cords and plays a key role in speech production.

Review Questions

• What are the main components of the upper respiratory system?
• How does mucus contribute to the defense mechanisms of the upper respiratory system?
• What role does the larynx play in both respiration and speech?

Related terms

Bronchi: The large air passages that lead from the trachea to the lungs.

Alveoli: Tiny air sacs within the lungs where gas exchange occurs.

Epiglottis: A flap of cartilage that covers the windpipe while swallowing to prevent food from entering.