Thyroglobulin

Definition

Thyroglobulin is a glycoprotein produced by the thyroid gland, serving as a precursor to thyroid hormones T3 and T4. It plays a crucial role in the synthesis and storage of these hormones.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Thyroglobulin is stored in the follicles of the thyroid gland and undergoes iodination to form active thyroid hormones.
2. Levels of thyroglobulin can be measured in blood tests to monitor the treatment of thyroid cancer.
3. High levels of thyroglobulin may indicate thyroid tissue presence, which can be significant post-thyroidectomy.
4. Autoantibodies against thyroglobulin can interfere with its measurement and are often present in autoimmune thyroid diseases like Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
5. Thyroglobulin is not typically elevated in healthy individuals without thyroid or autoimmune conditions.

Review Questions

• What role does thyroglobulin play in the synthesis of thyroid hormones?
• Why might a physician measure thyroglobulin levels in a patient who has undergone thyroid surgery?
• How can autoantibodies against thyroglobulin affect clinical assessments?

Related terms

Thyroid Hormones (T3 & T4): Hormones produced by the thyroid gland that regulate metabolism.

Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: An autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks the thyroid, often involving autoantibodies against thyroglobulin.

Thyroidectomy: Surgical removal of all or part of the thyroid gland, often monitored through levels of thyroglobulin post-surgery.