Thalassemia

Definition

Thalassemia is a genetic blood disorder characterized by less hemoglobin and fewer red blood cells than normal. It leads to anemia and requires medical management including blood transfusions and iron chelation therapy.

5 Must Know Facts For Your Next Test

1. Thalassemia results in reduced production of hemoglobin, impacting oxygen transport in the body.
2. Patients with thalassemia often require regular blood transfusions to manage anemia.
3. Iron overload from frequent transfusions needs to be managed with chelation therapy to prevent organ damage.
4. Nutritional supplements, particularly folic acid, are often recommended for individuals with thalassemia.
5. Thalassemia can be categorized into alpha and beta types, depending on which part of the hemoglobin molecule is affected.

Review Questions

• What are the primary treatments for managing thalassemia?
• Why is iron chelation therapy necessary for patients receiving frequent blood transfusions?
• How does thalassemia affect hemoglobin and red blood cell production?

Related terms

Hemoglobin: A protein in red blood cells responsible for transporting oxygen throughout the body.

Anemia: A condition where there is a deficiency in the number or quality of red blood cells or hemoglobin, leading to fatigue and weakness.

Chelation Therapy: A treatment that involves the administration of agents to remove heavy metals from the body, commonly used to manage iron overload in thalassemia patients.